Maritime Radio Communications Guide Руководство по Морской Радиосвязи
MAYDAY - Distress Communications
МЭЙДЭЙ - Сигналы бедствия
Use when there is imminent danger to life or vessel requiring immediate assistance
Используется при неминуемой опасности для жизни или судна, требующей немедленной помощи
Digital Selective Calling (DSC) Distress Alert
Цифровой Избирательный Вызов (ЦИВ) Сигнал Бедствия
To activate DSC distress alert:
Для активации сигнала бедствия ЦИВ:
COVER
КРЫШКА
LIFT THE COVER FIRST!
СНАЧАЛА ПОДНИМИТЕ КРЫШКУ!
LIFT COVER, PRESS RED BUTTON for 3+ seconds
ПОДНИМИТЕ КРЫШКУ, НАЖМИТЕ КРАСНУЮ КНОПКУ на 3+ секунды
Note:
Примечание:
On some modern DSC equipment, pressing the button once (instead of holding) will display a designated distress menu where you can select the nature of distress before sending. Always follow the specific instructions for your equipment.
На некоторых современных устройствах ЦИВ, одиночное нажатие на кнопку (вместо удержания) вызывает специальное меню бедствия, где можно выбрать характер бедствия перед отправкой. Всегда следуйте конкретным инструкциям для вашего оборудования.
1
LIFT COVER
ПОДНИМИТЕ КРЫШКУ
protecting the DISTRESS button
защищающую кнопку БЕДСТВИЕ
2
PRESS and HOLD RED BUTTON
НАЖМИТЕ и УДЕРЖИВАЙТЕ КРАСНУЮ КНОПКУ
until acoustic and light-indication becomes steady (more than 3 seconds)
пока звуковая и световая индикация не станет постоянной (более 3 секунд)
3
Use the HANDSET
Используйте ТРУБКУ
for voice calling
для голосового вызова
Voice Procedure (After DSC Alert)
Голосовая Процедура (После Оповещения ЦИВ)
Transmit on VHF Channel 16 (156.8 MHz) or MF/HF 2182 kHz
Передавайте на канале УКВ 16 (156,8 МГц) или ПВ/КВ 2182 кГц
×3
= Repeat this element three times in sequence
= Повторите этот элемент три раза подряд
MAYDAY
THIS IS
[VESSEL NAME]
[CALL SIGN] or other IDENTIFICATION
[MMSI] (if the initial alert was sent by DSC)
MAYDAY
[VESSEL NAME in distress]
[CALL SIGN or IDENTIFICATION]
[MMSI if DSC was used]
POSITION: [Latitude/Longitude or geographical reference]
NATURE OF DISTRESS: [e.g., sinking, fire]
ASSISTANCE REQUIRED: [specific request]
ANY OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION
МЭЙДЭЙ
Я
[НАЗВАНИЕ СУДНА]
[ПОЗЫВНОЙ] или другой ИДЕНТИФИКАТОР
[MMSI] (если первоначальное оповещение было отправлено по ЦИВ)
МЭЙДЭЙ
[НАЗВАНИЕ СУДНА, терпящего бедствие]
[ПОЗЫВНОЙ или ИДЕНТИФИКАТОР]
[MMSI если использовался ЦИВ]
ПОЗИЦИЯ: [Широта/Долгота или географическая привязка]
ХАРАКТЕР БЕДСТВИЯ: [например, затопление, пожар]
НЕОБХОДИМАЯ ПОМОЩЬ: [конкретный запрос]
ЛЮБАЯ ДРУГАЯ ПОЛЕЗНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ
Common MAYDAY Situations
Типичные Ситуации МЭЙДЭЙ
- Fire or explosion
- Sinking or capsizing
- Collision
- Grounding with risk to vessel
- Vessel disabled and drifting to danger
- Abandoning ship
- Life-threatening medical emergency
- Пожар или взрыв
- Затопление или опрокидывание
- Столкновение
- Посадка на мель с угрозой для судна
- Судно обездвижено и дрейфует к опасности
- Покидание судна
- Критическая медицинская ситуация
PAN-PAN - Urgency Communications
Use for urgent situations that are not immediately life-threatening
Voice Procedure
Transmit on VHF Channel 16 (156.8 MHz) or MF/HF 2182 kHz
PAN-PAN
All stations
This is [Vessel Name] [Call Sign] [MMSI]
Position: [Latitude/Longitude]
Nature of Urgency: [e.g., mechanical failure, medical assistance]
Request: [Specific assistance needed]
Over
Key Elements:
1
Urgency signal: "PAN-PAN" repeated three times
2
Address: "All stations" repeated three times
3
Identification: Vessel name, call sign, MMSI
4
Position: Current location
5
Situation: Clear description of urgent situation
6
Request: Specific assistance needed
When to Use PAN-PAN:
- Mechanical breakdown affecting navigation
- Serious but not life-threatening medical situations
- Person overboard (when immediate danger not present)
- Loss of steering or propulsion in dangerous area
- Uncertain of position in potentially hazardous circumstances
SECURITE - Safety Communications
Use to transmit important navigational or meteorological warnings
Voice Procedure
Transmit on VHF Channel 16 (156.8 MHz) or MF/HF 2182 kHz
SECURITE
All stations
This is [Vessel Name] [Call Sign]
Position: [Reference position if applicable]
Safety Information: [Nature of warning]
Details: [Specific information]
Out
Key Elements:
1
Safety signal: "SECURITE" repeated three times
2
Address: "All stations" repeated three times
3
Identification: Vessel name, call sign
4
Position: Reference position if applicable
5
Information: Clear description of safety information
6
End: "Out" (no response expected)
When to Use SECURITE:
- Navigation warnings (floating containers, derelicts)
- Weather warnings (storms, tsunamis)
- Channel obstructions or hazards
- Aids to navigation not working or moved
- Presence of hazardous cargo or substances
Distress and Communication Frequencies
| Band | DSC | Radiotelephony |
|---|---|---|
| VHF | Channel 70 | Channel 16 |
| MF | 2 187.5 kHz | 2 182 kHz |
| HF4 | 4 207.5 kHz | 4 125 kHz |
| HF6 | 6 312.0 kHz | 6 215 kHz |
| HF8 | 8 414.5 kHz | 8 291 kHz |
| HF12 | 12 577.0 kHz | 12 290 kHz |
| HF16 | 16 804.5 kHz | 16 420 kHz |
Best Practices for Marine Radio Communications
- Always maintain radio watch on Channel 16 when not communicating on other channels
- For DSC alerts, follow up with voice communication on Channel 16
- Distress calls have absolute priority - never interrupt
- Practice procedures regularly but never use actual distress signals in practice
- Keep microphone 5-10cm from mouth and speak clearly at normal volume
- Remember: Your EPIRB is the secondary means of alerting
- Always announce your vessel name, call sign, and position clearly
- For MF/HF communications, select the appropriate band based on time of day and distance
Your Vessel Information
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